Wangzheqi Zhang¹, Chenglong Zhu¹, Xingzhi Liao², Feixiang Wu³, Hui Chen⁴, Wenyun Xu⁵, Jinlong Qu⁶, Miao Zhou⁷, Jinfei Shi⁸, Liangqing Lin⁹, Shengyun Cai¹⁰, Wenchao Gao¹¹, Hua Tang¹², Ying Huang¹³, Zui Zou¹

¹School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu, China. ³Department of An-esthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. ⁴De-partment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China. ⁵Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ⁶Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Second Affili-ated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ⁷Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China. ⁸Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital of the Armed Police, Hefei 230001, China. ⁹Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Putian 351100, Fujian, China. ¹⁰Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ¹¹Department of Col-orectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ¹²Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval University, Shanghai 200003, China. ¹³Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China. 

Address correspondence to: Hua Tang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval University, Shanghai 200003, China. Email: Tangh_mits@163.com. Ying Huang, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China. Email: huangying5249@163.com. Zui Zou, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Email: zou-zui@smmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This study was funded by the following projects: Shanghai Industrial Collaborative Innovation Project (HCXBCY - 2023 – 041, XTCX - KJ - 2024 - 39, HCXBCY - 2024 – 033), 2024 Basic Medicine Innovation Open Topic (JCKFKT - MS - 002), and the 2024 Annual Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Key Research Project of the China Medicine Education Association (2024KTZ011).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/447393ljoyfh

Received January 20, 2025; Accepted February 20, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Kai Wang¹ , Zhe Zhang¹ , Mingling Wang² , Shiming Feng³ , Huanjia Xue¹ , Xiang Huan¹ , Liwei Wang¹ 

¹Department of Anesthesiology, ²Operating Room, ³Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated  to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. 

Address correspondence to: Liwei Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No.199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. Email:  760020230115@xzhmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by Young Scientist Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of  China (81700078) and Xuzhou Medical Key Talents program (XWRCHT20220051). 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/143336qedqgl

Received November 2, 2024; Accepted February 14, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Training with the multi-objective teaching model significantly improved in perioperative skills of residents. 

● Multi-objective teaching model effectively facilitates the acquisition of comprehensive theoretical knowledge in   anesthesiology. 

● Multi-objective teaching model emphasizes the development of teamwork skills.

Kecheng Zhai^1,2, Yangmengna Gao^1,2, Yu Xiang^1,2, Jiameng Liu^1,2, Shangping Fang^1,2

¹School of Anesthesiology, ²Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002,  Anhui Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Shangping Fang, Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan  Medical Collegem, No. 22, Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China. E-mail: 20180041@wnmc.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (202310368016) and Anhui Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project  (S202310368027).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/619896szhnms

Received October 24, 2024; Accepted January 8, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Mitochondrial autophagy is essential for maintaining mitochondrial health by selectively degrading damaged mitochondria. This process involves two main pathways: ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent autophagy. 

● Sepsis causes organ dysfunction due to infection, with acute lung injury (ALI) being a common secondary condition. ALI is characterized by excessive inflammation in the lungs, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. 

● Understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy can provide new insights for treating sepsis-associated ALI. Continued research could identify novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes for patients with ALI and sepsis. 

● In the early stages of sepsis-related ALI, mitochondrial autophagy is enhanced. In severe or prolonged cases, excessive mitochondrial autophagy may occur. In the later stages, particularly in severe or chronic cases, mitochondrial autophagy may be impaired or completely lost. 

● Mitochondrial autophagy holds therapeutic potential for the perioperative assessment and management of sepsis-related ALI. Further investigation into this potential is warranted.

Chunyang Li^1,2, Mingyao Chen², Dedong Zhang⁴, Tianying Xu², Zhenmeng Wang³

¹School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China. ²School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ³Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China. ⁴Pharmacy Department, Xiamen Special Service Convalescent Center, Xiamen 361001, Fujian Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Zhenmeng Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China. Tel: +86-13022130811. E-mail: wzm11998@163.com. Tianying Xu, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China. Tel: +86-021 81872029. E-mail: xutianying@smmu.edu.cn.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/554453zztqhf

Received January 7, 2024; Accepted March 13, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Elevated bile acid concentrations impair myocardial structure and function by disrupting mitochondrial integrity and acting on TGR5 and FXR receptors.

● Endotoxins contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction by exacerbating systemic inflammation, primarily via NF-κB activation and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α.

● Reactive oxygen species alter cardiac electrophysiology by modulating L-type calcium channels and reversing Na+/Ca2+ exchanger activity, leading to contractile dysfunction. Excessive nitric oxide disrupts vascular tone regulation.

● Autophagy is activated through the AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway, while apoptosis-driven myocardial injury is mediated by caspase activation and the Bax/Bcl-2 protein family.

● Appropriate preoperative management, anesthetic selection, and the application of traditional Chinese medicine can alleviate cardiac injury associated with obstructive jaundice.

Ruilong Li^1,2*, Dezhi Guo^1,2*, Tianying Li^1,2, Panpan Hu^1,3, Tianying Xu¹

¹Department of Anesthetic Pharmacology, School of Anesthesiology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ²College of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ³National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. 

* The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Tianying Xu, Department of Anesthetic Pharmacology, School of Anesthesiology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Tel: +86 021 81872029, E-mail: xutianying@smmu.edu.cn; Panpan Hu, Department of Anesthetic Pharmacology, School of Anesthesiology, National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai  200433, China. Tel: +86 021 81872029, E-mail: hpp510@smmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Basic Medical Research Fund of Naval Medical University (2023QN034). The authors would like to thank all the guest editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/313377zqjuff

Received January 23, 2024; Accepted April 29, 2024; Published September 30, 2024

Highlights

● Patients with heatstroke often suffer from multiple organ dysfunction and have a high fatality rate. 

● The molecular mechanisms underlying multiple organ damage in heatstroke are complex. 

● This review outlines the manifestations of multiple organ dysfunction caused by heatstroke and explores the possible molecular mechanisms involved.

Ziwei Xia^1,2, Guangkuo Ma^1,2, Huanjia Xue^1,2, Hui Wu^1,2, Liwei Wang^1,2, Kai Wang^1,2

¹Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Kai Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86-18112012729; E-mail: wangkaistream99@sina.com or 760020230115@xzhmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology of Xuzhou Central Hospital. The authors would like to thank all the guest editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/768941essmpc

Received January 25, 2024; Accepted April 2, 2024; Published September 30, 2024

Highlights

● In the realm of forearm, wrist, and hand surgeries, ultrasound-guided forearm selective nerve block techniques offer distinct advantages over alternative methods such as Bier's block, brachial plexus block, and wrist block. These advantages include reduced anesthesia-related time, prolonged duration of analgesia, and minimal inter-ference with upper extremity motor function. 

● Ultrasound-guided forearm selective nerve block stands as a straightforward and conducive anesthesia method ideally suited for distal upper limb surgeries. This approach harmonizes seamlessly with the principles of fast surgical recovery and enhances patient comfort during both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. 

● Supplementation of dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone in ultrasound-guided selective nerve blocks of the forearm has been shown to significantly prolong the duration of analgesia.

Mingling Wang^1*, Gaolei Jia^2*, Kai Wang³, Haifeng Zhuang⁴, Li Ma², Ping Wang⁴ 

¹Department of Operating Room, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China. ²Department of Thyroid, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China. ³Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China. ⁴Department of Nursing, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China. 

*The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Ping Wang, Department of Nursing, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou 221009, China. Tel: +86-18952172176; Fax: 0086-0516-83956203;  E-mail: wangkaistream99@xzhmu.edu.cn. Li Ma, Department of Thyroid, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou 221009, China. Tel: +86-18112023690; E-mail: 675694863@ qq.com.

Acknowledgement: This study was financially supported by a grant from the Xuzhou City Science and Technology Project (KC22156). We thank International Science Editing (http://www.internationalscienceediting.com) for editing this manuscript.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/031494xruanc

Received May 17, 2024; Accepted August 9, 2024; Published September 30, 2024

Highlights

● A novel modified retracting arm for transaxillary endoscopic thyroid surgery was designed. 

● The modified hook better exposed and protected the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands.

● The modified retracting arm achieved better visual analog scale and cosmetic scores.

Yan Liao^1*, Zhanheng Chen^1*,Wangzheqi Zhang^1*, Lindong Cheng² , Yanchen Lin² , Ping Li³ , Miao Zhou⁴ ,  Mi Li¹ , ChunHua Liao¹ 

¹School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ²Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China. ³Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China. ⁴Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China. 

* The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Miao Zhou, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China. E-mail: zhoumiao2613@163.com; Tel: +86  18217567295. Mi Li, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China. E-mail: limi@smmu.edu.cn; Tel: +86-21-81872033. Chunhua Liao, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District. Shanghai  200433, China. E-mail: Liaochh7@smmu.edu.cn; Tel: +86 21 81872025.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62002297, 62073225, and 61836005, the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality under Grant 20XD1434400, talent Development Fund of Shanghai under Grant 2020075, Medical-Engineering Cross Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University under Grant YG2022QN043, and the Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project under Grant 2021AC19394. The authors would like to thank all the guest editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive advice.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/275419wdddvs

Received February 21, 2024; Accepted March 25, 2024; Published September 30, 2024

Highlights

● Artificial intelligence (AI) is lauded for its capacity to resolve intricate problems with unwavering efficiency, devoid of fatigue. To elucidate the potential of AI in perioperative pain management, we have meticulously surveyed a vast array of scholarly works to discern the landscape of research in this multifaceted domain. 

● Conventional perioperative pain studies have primarily confined their scope to clinical aspects. However, this review delves into the amalgamation of AI and perioperative pain, heralding a diverse methodology for pain control. 

● AI's applicability in medical domains, particularly anesthesia, has spawned numerous inquiries into its synergy  with perioperative pain. Yet, a dearth of comprehensive reviews encapsulating the current research milieu, pin  pointing hurdles, and envisioning future directions in this sphere necessitated the present discourse. 

● We herein offer horizontal and vertical assessments of diverse models and algorithms employed in periopera  tive pain management, encapsulated in diagrammatic form for reader accessibility. The compilation of this review draws from a spectrum of online scholarly repositories, thus ensuring a thorough and relevant assembly of insights.

Ke Xu^1,2, Yu Xiang^1,2, Shangping Fang^1,2 

¹School of Anesthesiology, ²Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China. 

Address correspondence to: Shangping Fang, Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, School of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Lugang Street, Yijiang Dis trict, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China. Tel: 0553-3932220. E-mail: 20180041@wnmc.edc.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Anhui Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneur ship Project (S202310368027). 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/368731zhrnsv

Received May 23, 2024; Accepted August 6, 2024; Published December 31, 2024

Highlights 

 ● This review describes the main components of Angelica sinensis and their efficacy. 

 ● Current status and basic mechanisms of the classical inflammatory signal pathways in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI) are discussed. 

 ● Angelica sinensis contributes to the anti-inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI and is expected to expand the application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ALI. 

Zhaoyang Yan^1*, Chunhui Qin^2*, Shuya Wang^1*, Zhaohui Xie³, Liyun Kong⁴, Lili Zhong⁵, Hong Wang⁵, Yun Cai⁶, Guohua Jiao⁷, Zhenwei Wang⁸, Qiwen Zhu^9*, Ruoyu Tang^10* 

¹Shanghai Reacool Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200041, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, Yuey ang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China. ³Department of Pain Management, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China. ⁴Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gan nan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China. ⁵Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Man agement, Wuhu Fifth People’s Hospital (Anhui Province Wannan Rehabilitation Hospital), Wuhu 241004, Anhui Province, China. ⁶School of Health and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China. ⁷Department of Pain Management, Tongxiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongxiang 314500, Zhejiang Province, China. ⁸Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrat ed Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China. ⁹Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, New York State/Syra cuse 13210, the United States of America. ¹⁰Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Van couver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada. 

 *The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Lili Zhong, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, No. 2, Zhe-Shan East Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu 241004, Anhui Province, China. Tel: +86-180-0963-7377. E-mail: williyia@wnmc.edu.cn. Zhenwei Wang, Department of Respiratory Medicine, No. 110, Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200437, China. Tel: +86-189-1875-7762. E-mail: wangzhenwei@ shyueyanghospital.com.

Acknowledgement: This project was supported by the research on the application of digital therapy in the treat ment of neuropathic pain caused by herpes zoster (2023yf004) and the Gansu Province Intelligent Pain Diagnosis and Treatment Industry Technology Center. The authors would like to thank all the guest editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive advice.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/285507yclyaz

Received June 21, 2024; Accepted September 3, 2024; Published December 31, 2024 

Highlights 

 ● Analysis of collected data reveals that digital therapy offer new treatment methods and options in the field of pain management. After conducting research and analysis, it has been found that digital therapeutics offer new treatment methods and options, especially in the area of perioperative pain management. 

 ● Multiple clinical studies indicate that digital therapy has significant effects in the treatment and relief of pain caused by various conditions. 

 ● Domestic and international policies have positively influenced the development and progress of digital therapy. 

 ● Ethical considerations require continuous evaluation, decision-making, and regulation, warranting ongoing reflection. 

 ● Digital therapeutics, as an emerging intervention for pain, are propelling perioperative pain treatment towards a diversified and personalized comprehensive diagnostic and treatment model.

Tuo Deng¹, Changkuan Tan¹, Guangkuo Ma¹, Meiyan Zhou², Liwei Wang^1,2 

¹Department of Anesthesia, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Liwei Wang, Department of Anesthesia, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86 18952170255. E-mail: 18952170255@163.com.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/052994nhuqqb

Received July 25, 2024; Accepted October 16, 2024; Published December 31, 2024 

Highlights 

● Electroencephalography (EEG) and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) are compared for studying brain connectivity in POD. EEG provides high temporal resolution, while fMRI offers detailed spatial mapping. Combining these techniques can deliver a comprehensive view of brain function in POD. 

●The article highlights the role of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and posterior cingulate cortex in the cognitive deficits seen in POD, noting that weakened connectivity in these areas is a key contributing factor. 

●Graph theory is applied to study brain networks in POD, offering insights through metrics such as small-world structure and node degree, enhancing the understanding of POD-related connectivity changes. 

●This article explores how perioperative factors (such as anesthesia, inflammation, and physiological stress) affect brain functional connectivity and their association with postoperative delirium (POD), offering important new perspectives. And this article deeply analyzes the differences in brain functional connectivity patterns caused by different surgical types and their potential association with the development of POD. 

●The article advocates for combining EEG and fMRI to enable dynamic studies of brain connectivity and recommends larger, diverse samples to validate findings across various surgical types.

Hui Wu^1,2,*, Kai Wang^1,2,*, Meiyan Zhou², Guangkuo Ma^1,2, Ziwei Xia^1,2, Liwei Wang^1,2, Conghai Fan^1,2 

¹Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China. ²Department of Anesthe siology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China. 

 *The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Conghai Fan, Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China. No.209 Tongshan Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86 13013983238. E-mail: Fch120@126.com. Liwei Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86-18952170255. E-mail: 18952170255@163.com.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by Young Scientist Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (81700078) and Xuzhou Medical Key Talents program (XWRCHT20220051).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/109077nkhkny

Received June 25, 2024; Accepted September 27, 2024; Published December 31, 2024 

Highlights 

● During the perioperative period, electroencephalography (EEG) has significant advantages as a tool for pain assessment. The applications of indicators such as the pain threshold index (PTI) and γ wave activity in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain assessment have been validated, contributing to the optimization of   perioperative analgesic strategies. 

● CEEG showed that pain intensity was negatively correlated with α wave activity and positively correlated with γ wave activity. 

● Analysis of the characteristics of EEG in pain state is helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of pain, and to prevent the transformation of chronic pain. 

● Comparing different EEG pain biomarkers can enhance the understanding of brain activity in pain state and improve the accuracy of data.

Chenglong Zhu^1,3*, Miao Zhou^1,4*, Yongchu Hu², Wenyun Xu², Zui Zou^1,2

¹School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ³Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ⁴Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China. 

*The authors have contributed equally to this work. 

Address correspondence to: Zui Zou, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China. Email: zouzui@smmu.edu.cn. Wenyun Xu, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200003, China. Email: xuwenyun@ smmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670072), the Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology (20XD1434400) and Special Project on Incubation of Civil-Military Integration Achievements of the Naval Medical University (2022-RH10). Declaration of conflict of interest: None. 

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry approved this study (ChiCTR2200060783). All procedures and research activities performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee. Consent was obtained from a legally authorized representative. 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/109678mkmeds

Received November 29, 2023; Accepted January 16, 2024; Published June 30, 2024

Highlights 

● SEEK^flex (Safe Easy Endotracheal Kit-flexible) is a modified introducer, which provides a simple and rapid way for intubating patients with laryngeal tumors. 

● With its non-invasive and gentle approach, SEEK^flex minimizes patient discomfort, enhancing the overall patient experience. 

● Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope remains the most frequently used tool for managing difficult airways.

Yangmengna Gao^1,2, Ran Yuan^1,2, Kecheng Zhai^1,2, Hui Su^1,2, Renke Sun^1,2, Shangping Fang^1,2 

¹School of Anesthesiology, ²Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China. 

Address correspondence to: Shangping Fang, Anaesthesiology Experimental Training Center, College of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China. Tel:+86-19855362767. E-mail: 20180041@wnmc.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: Key Project Research Fund of Wannan Medical College (WK2022Z10); National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (202310368016); Anhui Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (S202210368107, S202210368108); Student Research Funding Project of Wannan Medical College (WK2023XS10).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/076009mwdtns

Received January 25, 2024; Accepted March 19, 2024; Published Jane 30, 2024

Highlights 

● Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) promotes the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and enhances barrier function. 

● S1PR3 is a promising target for clinical treatment of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion, cardiac fibrosis and atherosclerosis. 

● Fingolimod and other modulators of S1PR3 have shown therapeutic efficacy in phase I and II clinical trials for cardiovascular diseases. 

● S1PR3 play crucial roles in the perioperative evaluation and treatment of the cardiovascular system, as well as in sepsis.