Pain biomarkers based on electroencephalogram: Current status and prospect-ZENTIME PUBLISHING CORPORATION LIMITED

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Pain biomarkers based on electroencephalogram: Current status and prospect

Hui Wu^1,2,*, Kai Wang^1,2,*, Meiyan Zhou², Guangkuo Ma^1,2, Ziwei Xia^1,2, Liwei Wang^1,2, Conghai Fan^1,2

¹Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China. ²Department of Anesthe siology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China.

*The authors contribute equally.

Address correspondence to: Conghai Fan, Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China. No.209 Tongshan Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86 13013983238. E-mail: Fch120@126.com. Liwei Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China. Tel: +86-18952170255. E-mail: 18952170255@163.com.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by Young Scientist Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (81700078) and Xuzhou Medical Key Talents program (XWRCHT20220051).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/109077nkhkny

Received June 25, 2024; Accepted September 27, 2024; Published December 31, 2024

Highlights

● During the perioperative period, electroencephalography (EEG) has significant advantages as a tool for pain assessment. The applications of indicators such as the pain threshold index (PTI) and γ wave activity in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain assessment have been validated, contributing to the optimization of perioperative analgesic strategies.

● CEEG showed that pain intensity was negatively correlated with α wave activity and positively correlated with γ wave activity.

● Analysis of the characteristics of EEG in pain state is helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of pain, and to prevent the transformation of chronic pain.

● Comparing different EEG pain biomarkers can enhance the understanding of brain activity in pain state and improve the accuracy of data.

Abstract

Pain is a subjective and complex symptom, making its prediction, management, and treatment a significant chal lenge in clinical research. To address these challenges, the search for reliable and objective pain biomarkers has become a focal point in pain studies. Electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive clinical tool, has emerged as the most widely used method for assessing brain regions associated with pain due to its temporal resolution, ac curacy, and comprehensive nature. Multichannel EEG is now a primary technique in the study of pain biomarkers. This review discusses the current status and future prospects of EEG biomarkers in pain research, synthesizing evidence on the potential of EEG recordings as reliable biomarkers for pain perception. This will contribute to es tablishing a more solid foundation for the prediction, diagnosis, and intervention of pain in future research and management.

Keywords: Pain, electroencephalography, biomarker

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