Wangzheqi Zhang¹, Chenglong Zhu¹, Xingzhi Liao², Feixiang Wu³, Hui Chen⁴, Wenyun Xu⁵, Jinlong Qu⁶, Miao Zhou⁷, Jinfei Shi⁸, Liangqing Lin⁹, Shengyun Cai¹⁰, Wenchao Gao¹¹, Hua Tang¹², Ying Huang¹³, Zui Zou¹

¹School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ²Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu, China. ³Department of An-esthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. ⁴De-partment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China. ⁵Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ⁶Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Second Affili-ated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ⁷Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China. ⁸Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital of the Armed Police, Hefei 230001, China. ⁹Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Putian 351100, Fujian, China. ¹⁰Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ¹¹Department of Col-orectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. ¹²Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval University, Shanghai 200003, China. ¹³Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China. 

Address correspondence to: Hua Tang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval University, Shanghai 200003, China. Email: Tangh_mits@163.com. Ying Huang, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China. Email: huangying5249@163.com. Zui Zou, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Email: zou-zui@smmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This study was funded by the following projects: Shanghai Industrial Collaborative Innovation Project (HCXBCY - 2023 – 041, XTCX - KJ - 2024 - 39, HCXBCY - 2024 – 033), 2024 Basic Medicine Innovation Open Topic (JCKFKT - MS - 002), and the 2024 Annual Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Key Research Project of the China Medicine Education Association (2024KTZ011).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/447393ljoyfh

Received January 20, 2025; Accepted February 20, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Kai Wang¹ , Zhe Zhang¹ , Mingling Wang² , Shiming Feng³ , Huanjia Xue¹ , Xiang Huan¹ , Liwei Wang¹ 

¹Department of Anesthesiology, ²Operating Room, ³Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated  to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. 

Address correspondence to: Liwei Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, No.199 Jiefang South Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. Email:  760020230115@xzhmu.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by Young Scientist Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of  China (81700078) and Xuzhou Medical Key Talents program (XWRCHT20220051). 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/143336qedqgl

Received November 2, 2024; Accepted February 14, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Training with the multi-objective teaching model significantly improved in perioperative skills of residents. 

● Multi-objective teaching model effectively facilitates the acquisition of comprehensive theoretical knowledge in   anesthesiology. 

● Multi-objective teaching model emphasizes the development of teamwork skills.

Kecheng Zhai^1,2, Yangmengna Gao^1,2, Yu Xiang^1,2, Jiameng Liu^1,2, Shangping Fang^1,2

¹School of Anesthesiology, ²Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002,  Anhui Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Shangping Fang, Anesthesia Laboratory and Training Center, Wannan  Medical Collegem, No. 22, Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China. E-mail: 20180041@wnmc.edu.cn.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (202310368016) and Anhui Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project  (S202310368027).

Received October 24, 2024; Accepted January 8, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Mitochondrial autophagy is essential for maintaining mitochondrial health by selectively degrading damaged mitochondria. This process involves two main pathways: ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent autophagy. 

● Sepsis causes organ dysfunction due to infection, with acute lung injury (ALI) being a common secondary condition. ALI is characterized by excessive inflammation in the lungs, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. 

● Understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy can provide new insights for treating sepsis-associated ALI. Continued research could identify novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes for patients with ALI and sepsis. 

● In the early stages of sepsis-related ALI, mitochondrial autophagy is enhanced. In severe or prolonged cases, excessive mitochondrial autophagy may occur. In the later stages, particularly in severe or chronic cases, mitochondrial autophagy may be impaired or completely lost. 

● Mitochondrial autophagy holds therapeutic potential for the perioperative assessment and management of sepsis-related ALI. Further investigation into this potential is warranted.

Chunyang Li^1,2, Mingyao Chen², Dedong Zhang⁴, Tianying Xu², Zhenmeng Wang³

¹School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China. ²School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. ³Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China. ⁴Pharmacy Department, Xiamen Special Service Convalescent Center, Xiamen 361001, Fujian Province, China.

Address correspondence to: Zhenmeng Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China. Tel: +86-13022130811. E-mail: wzm11998@163.com. Tianying Xu, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China. Tel: +86-021 81872029. E-mail: xutianying@smmu.edu.cn.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/554453zztqhf

Received January 7, 2024; Accepted March 13, 2025; Published March 31, 2025

Highlights

● Elevated bile acid concentrations impair myocardial structure and function by disrupting mitochondrial integrity and acting on TGR5 and FXR receptors.

● Endotoxins contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction by exacerbating systemic inflammation, primarily via NF-κB activation and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α.

● Reactive oxygen species alter cardiac electrophysiology by modulating L-type calcium channels and reversing Na+/Ca2+ exchanger activity, leading to contractile dysfunction. Excessive nitric oxide disrupts vascular tone regulation.

● Autophagy is activated through the AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway, while apoptosis-driven myocardial injury is mediated by caspase activation and the Bax/Bcl-2 protein family.

● Appropriate preoperative management, anesthetic selection, and the application of traditional Chinese medicine can alleviate cardiac injury associated with obstructive jaundice.