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Progress of artificial intelligence in anesthesia and perioperative medicine

Wen-Hui Guo1,*, Qing-Lai Zang2,*, Bing Xu1, Tian-Ying Xu1, Zhan-Heng Chen1, Miao Zhou3


1School of Anesthesiology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. 2Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China. 3Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.

*The authors contribute equally.


Address correspondence to: Zhan-Heng Chen, School of Anesthesiology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Tel: +86 21 81872034. E-mail: chenzhanheng17@mails.ucas.ac.cn; Miao Zhou, Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China. Tel: +86 18217567295. E-mail: zhoumiao@jszlyy.com.cn.


Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62002297, 62073225, and 61836005), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (20XD1434400), the Talent Development Fund of Shanghai (2020075), the Medical-Engineering Cross Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (YG2022QN043), and the Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project (2021AC19394). The authors would like to thank all the guest editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive advice.


DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/536468bkwzzn


Received July 21, 2023; Accepted November 15, 2023; Published March 31, 2024


Highlights

● This review introduces the core concepts of artificial intelligence (AI) and describes the most commonly encountered computerized functioning of AI in anesthesiology.

● This survey systematically presents the main clinical applications of AI in anesthesia and perioperative medicine according to the perioperative phases.

● The advantages and disadvantages of introducing AI into the medical field are also discussed to explore the career development direction of anesthesiologists in the future.

Abstract

Perioperative medicine is a series of medical activities throughout the perioperative period, including preoperative optimization, intraoperative safety, postoperative rehabilitation, and other activities. Anesthesia is closely integrated with perioperative medicine to guarantee smooth progress of operations, comfortable recovery, and favorable long-term outcome for patients. There are a huge number of clinical data in anesthesia and perioperative medicine, and artificial intelligence (AI) has a powerful ability to analyze and evaluate data; thus, applying AI is a significant advantage in analysis and prediction based on real clinical big data in anesthesia and perioperative medicine. AI has made some progress in the field of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine. This review introduces the most encountered computerized techniques of AI in anesthesiology, main clinical applications themes of AI in anesthesiology, as well as limitations and ethical implications involved in deployment of this technology.

Keywords: Anesthesia, artificial intelligence, machine learning, perioperative medicine

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Guo WH, Zang QL, Xu B, et al. Progress of artificial intelligence in anesthesia and perioperative medicine. Perioper Precis Med. 2024 Mar;2(1):1-10. doi: 10.61189/536468bkwzzn.
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