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Perioperative care in hypoadrenalism: A narrative review

Mayura Thilanka Iddagoda1,2, Seng Gan1,2, Leon Flicker1,2


1Perioperative Medical Service, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia. 2School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia.


Address correspondence to: Mayura Thilanka Iddagoda, Perioperative Medical Service, Royal Perth Hospital, Wellington Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia. Phone: +61 8 9224 2244;  Email: Mayura.Iddagoda@health.wa.gov.au.


Acknowledgement: RACP Research Entry Scholarship 2022.


DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/496028bkubbs


Received October 12, 2023; Accepted November 10, 2023; Published December 31, 2023


Highlights

● Amongst the many causes of adrenal insufficiency, primary adrenal failure or Addison’s disease is an important cause of hypoadrenalism.

● Adreanl insufficiency is a common medical problem in surgical patients and can cause preventable major adverse events.

● It is important to identify patients at high-risk of adrenal insufficiency and to give appropriate replacements perioperatively.

● Current guidelines clearly outline the required amount of steroid dose during the intraoperative and postoperative period in patients with insufficient adrenal function.

Abstract

Impaired production of adrenal hormones or hypoadrenalism is not uncommon and has various aetiologies. Untreated hypoadrenalism during operative period can lead to preventable major adverse events. Identification and risk stratification in those who have hypoadrenalism is an important part of preoperative assessment. There are multiple guidelines on intraoperative care and anaesthesia for patients with adrenal insufficiency. The aim of this review is to discuss the available evidence and optimal management approaches for surgical patients with hypoadrenalism during intra- and post-operative periods.

Keywords: Hypoadrenalism, adrenal insufficiency, perioperative care, surgery

Iddagoda MT, Gan S, Flicker L. Perioperative care in hypoadrenalism: A narrative review. Perioper Precis Med. 2023 Dec;1(3):141-147. doi: 10.61189/496028bkubbs.
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