Qilu Yan^1,*, Haoling Zhang^2,*, Ting Hu^3,4,#, Wangzheqi Zhang^4,#

¹Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China. ²Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia. ³940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, 333 Nanbinhe Road, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China. ⁴Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.

^*The authors contribute equally.

^#Co-corresponding authors.

Address correspondence to: Ting Hu, 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, 333 Nanbinhe Road, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China. E-mail: huting@smmu.edu.cn. Wangzheqi Zhang, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China. E-mail: zwzq001031@smmu.edu.cn.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61189/159279rpqbrp

Received November 19, 2025; Accepted November 24, 2025; Published December 3, 2025