本文回顾了人工智能的发展历程，论述了人工智能的核心应用技术，阐述了大语言模型的发展历程，梳理总结了大语言模型存在的局限和不足，给出了对通用人工智能发展的研判。总结了人工智能在当前医疗领域的表现实力和典型应用场景，分析其应用存在的不足，在此基础上提出了医学人工智能的概念及其分类，从医学服务人类的维度和医学自身发展的维度，提出医学人工智能的发展目标，并给出了两类不同的医学人工智能的构建方法和构建路径。

This article reviews the development history and core technologies used in artificial intelligence (AI), reviews the development history of large language models, summarizes the limitations and deficiencies of large language models, and identifies prospects for the development of general AI. This paper summarizes the performance strength and typical application scenarios of AI in the current medical field, analyzes the shortcomings of its application, and proposes the concept and classification of medical AI. On this basis, from the perspectives of medicine serving human beings and medicine’s own development, this commeutary defines the development goals of medical AI, and gives two different construction methods and paths for medical AI.